Symptoms
Corns and callus that are not treated will become painful. They will not come right on their own unless the pressure that caused them is taken away. If it is not the skin will continue to thicken and become more painful. After a while the body will start treating it as a foreign body and an ulcer (abscess) can develop. This can get infected - the infection can spread. Infection of corns on the toe is more common than a callus.
Causes
Corns are caused by a great deal of pressure or friction on the toes, usually from ill-fitting shoes or high heels. Since the skin acts as the body's protector, corns form when the body attempts to protect the troubled area from more pressure by building up a mass of dead skin cells and secreting a hard substance called keratin.
Self Care
Corns are best treated by first eliminating the cause of the pressure. Over-the-counter preparations are available. These include padding (to reduce the friction on the area), ointments and medicated pads (to soften and blister the skin layers, making them easier to remove and reducing the pain).
Prevention of Corns
Wear comfortable shoes. Ill-fitting footwear often causes corns and calluses. Wear shoes that do not cramp your toes.
Adjust your walking style. An improper gait, such as walking on the sides of your feet, can produce calluses and corns.
Look at the heels on an old pair of shoes. If one side is markedly worn, you may be shifting your weight unevenly as you walk. Ask your physician or podiatrist if a shoe insert (orthotic) could help distribute your weight more evenly.
Protect your skin. Visit your pharmacy or medical supply store. You may select from a wide variety of readily available over-the-counter products such as tufts of lamb's wool, moleskin pads and toe coverings (to protect your skin).